Everything about The Fair Employment Practices Commission totally explained
The
Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC) implemented US
Executive Order 8802, requiring that companies with government contracts not discriminate on the basis of race or religion. It was intended to help
African Americans and other minorities obtain jobs in the
homefront industry. On
June 25,
1941,
President Roosevelt created the
Fair Employment Practices Committee (FEPC) by signing
Executive Order 8802, which stated, "there shall be no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or government because of
race,
creed, color, or national origin." This was due in large part to the urging of
A. Philip Randolph, who had the support of the
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters.
In 1943, Roosevelt greatly strengthened the FEPC with a new executive order,
Executive Order 9346. It required that all government contracts have a non-discrimination clause. FEPC was the most significant breakthrough ever for Blacks and women on the job front. During the
World War II the federal government operated airfields, shipyards, supply centers, ammunition plants and other facilities that employed millions. FEPC rules applied and guaranteed equality of employment rights. Of course, these facilities shut down when the war ended. In the private sector the FEPC was generally successful in enforcing non-discrimination in the North, it didn't attempt to challenge segregation in the South, and in the border region its intervention led to
hate strikes by angry white workers.
But Congress had never enacted FEPC into law. In
1948,
President Truman called for a permanent FEPC, anti-
lynching legislation, and the abolishment of the
poll tax. The conservative coalition in
Congress prevented this. In
1950, the
House approved a permanent FEPC bill. However, southern senators
filibustered; the bill failed. Five states enacted and enforced their own FEPC laws: New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Connecticut and Washington.
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